基于交流外部性的行为主体城市聚集空间结构分析

因行为人寻求空间上交流的需求形成一种聚集的向心力,从而产生在一定区域内其分布状态表现出了单峰分布现状。但是在处于社会中的行为人是以城市为中心进行分布,使行为人聚集的空间结构产生了不同程度的变化。文章综述了行为主体（个人和企业）在交流情况下产生聚集的国内外研究现状,探讨了个人之间聚集社会外部性产生的前提条件,通过数学模型分析个人聚集得出了个人聚集分布的最优结论;通过对企业交流情况下聚集形成中央商务区的均衡分布状况,得出了企业在中央商务区为钟型分布,并且利用信息的传播界限可解释中央商务区的形成的结论,同时也说明了在信息传递条件下写字楼的高度随着距中央商务区距离远近而发生变化的结果。     

领导干部要做建设学习型政党的表率

党的十七届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于加强和改进新形势下党的建设若干重大问题的决定》中,把建设马克思主义学习型政党作为重大而紧迫的战略任务提了出来,各级领导干部要做政治理论学习、理论联系实际、深入贯彻落实的表率,做建设马克思主义学习型政党的表率。     

What is going on when nothing is going on? Exploring the role of the consumer in shaping waiting situations

Research on waiting in services focuses mainly on the role of companies in waiting situations. Much of the existing research envisages the consumer as a passive victim of the delays caused by companies. This article redresses the imbalance in research on waiting by exploring the role of consumers in waiting situations. A qualitative methodology is used, involving data collection through in‐depth interviews and personal diaries, to facilitate an in‐depth analysis of consumers’ waiting experiences. Additionally, a holistic approach is employed with a view to examining the ‘whole’ waiting experience rather than individual or isolated aspects of waiting. The main finding of the study is that consumers play an active and deliberate role in waiting situations. This is the first study to empirically identify the behaviours and initiatives undertaken by consumers when forced to wait for services. The results suggest that consumers play an active role in organising and reducing the real or perceived waiting time. They actively seek information on the length and causes of the wait. And, on occasions, the consumer may also be the cause of the wait or may even increase the delay by their actions. In contrast to most of the existing research on the topic of waiting, this study adopt a qualitative, in‐depth approach, with a multicultural sample, and a focus on the consumer whose role in waiting has previously been overlooked.     

谈谈心理咨询与思想政治教育

本文分析心理咨询与思想政治教育相互交叉、相互配合、相互促进的关系,并就在思想政治教育中运用心理咨询的有关问题进行了探讨。     

成员角色模型的扩充实现

文章分析了Asp.net中的成员角色模型,提出具体的方法,并对此模型进行扩充,以满足实际开发的需要。     

制度安排在现代经济发展中的地位和作用

扩大人类的经济选择范围是经济发展的基本目标之一。而制度对人类选择的影响是通过信息和资源的可获得性、塑造动力以及通过建立社会交易的基本规则来实现的。制度安排在现代经济发展中的地位和作用。     

浅析内向型管理审计在公司治理结构中的作用

内向型管理审计是公司治理结构的重要组成部分，有效的内向型管理审计有利于公司治理结构的完善。要实现公司治理的目标，就必须正确认识内向型管理审计与公司治理之间的互动关系，并充分发挥内向型管理审计在公司治理结构中的积极作用。     

论林业在建设生态文明中的作用

建设生态文明是人类历史发展的必然。作为建设生态文明的重要基础和主要载体,林业具有不可替代的核心作用。以党的十七大精神为指引,全面推进现代林业建设,努力构建完善的林业生态体系、发达的林业产业体系和繁荣的生态文化体系,是建设生态文明赋予林业的重大历史使命。     

信息技术专业人员角色压力的前因分析

信息技术的发展和应用使得信息技术专业人员角色压力问题日益突出,并对其心理、生理和行为都产生了不良的影响。本文采用实证研究方法,分析了授权与沟通这两个组织环境因素对信息技术员工角色压力的影响,并根据研究结论得出了一些缓解角色压力的管理启示。     

Competition between Exchanges: Euronext versus Xetra

Exchanges in Europe are in a process of consolidation. After the failure of the proposed merger between Deutsche Börse and Euronext, these two groups are likely to become the nuclei for further mergers and co‐operation with currently independent exchanges. A decision for one of the groups entails a decision for the respective trading platform. Against that background we evaluate the attractiveness of the two dominant continental European trading systems. Though both are anonymous electronic limit order books, there are important differences in the trading protocols. We use a matched‐sample approach to compare execution costs in Euronext Paris and Xetra. We find that both quoted and effective spreads are lower in Xetra. The differences are more pronounced for less liquid stocks. When decomposing the spread we find no systematic differences in the adverse selection component. Realised spreads, on the other hand, are significantly higher in Euronext. Neither differences in the number of liquidity provision agreements nor differences in the minimum tick size or in the degree of domestic competition for order flow explain the different spread levels. We thus conclude that Xetra is the more efficient trading system.